Expected Length of a Zigzag Prefix
Numbers $U_1, U_2, U_3, \ldots$ are drawn i.i.d. from $\text{Unif}(0,1)$. Starting from $U_1$, you keep going as long as the sequence alternates in strict inequalities:
$U_1 > U_2 < U_3 > U_4 < U_5 > \cdots$
The moment an inequality is violated, you stop. Let $L$ be the length of this maximal alternating prefix.
1. Set up a Markov chain or system of integral equations that characterizes $E[L]$.
2. Solve the system and evaluate $E[L]$ to at least three decimal places.
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